ZENA FORENSICS

Over the last few years, Apple's Biome framework has quietly evolved into one of the most important sources of forensic evidence available on iOS devices. While the forensic community has traditionally focused on artifacts such as KnowledgeC.db , Apple has progressively shifted a significant amount of behavioral, contextual, and predictive information into Biome. Today, most forensic analysts are aware of Biome and the SEGB/SEGBv2 file formats, and many commercial and open-source tools provide at least limited support for some of the available streams. However, after working on multiple real-world investigations, I realized that several fundamental questions remained surprisingly difficult to answer: When exactly did Apple introduce the SEGB format and the Biome framework? How did the storage locations evolve across different iOS versions? To what extent has Biome replaced KnowledgeC? How well do modern forensic tools actually support the available data? This article attempts to a...